Your eyes are an essential part of your health and daily life. Unfortunately, eye infections are common and can cause discomfort, blurred vision, and, if left untreated, more serious complications. Here’s a breakdown of the most common eye infections and what you can do to prevent them.

Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)

Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is a well-known eye infection that causes inflammation of the conjunctiva—the thin membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inner eyelids. It can be caused by viruses, such as those responsible for the common cold, bacteria like Staphylococcus or Streptococcus, or allergens such as pollen, pet dander, or dust mites.

Symptoms include eye redness, itching or irritation, watery or yellowish discharge, and crust formation on the eyelids. To prevent conjunctivitis, wash your hands frequently, especially before touching your face or eyes, and avoid sharing personal items like towels, makeup, or contact lenses. Regularly replace eye makeup and contact lenses to maintain hygiene.

Styes (Hordeolum)

A stye is a painful bump that forms along the edge of the eyelid due to a bacterial infection in an oil gland, often caused by Staphylococcus bacteria. Factors like poor eyelid hygiene, such as sleeping with makeup on, can contribute to its development.

Symptoms include a red, swollen, and tender bump on the eyelid, watery eyes, light sensitivity, and a sensation of having something in the eye. To prevent styes, clean your eyelids daily with a gentle cleanser, remove makeup thoroughly before sleeping, and avoid touching or rubbing your eyes.

Keratitis

Keratitis refers to an infection or inflammation of the cornea and is particularly common among contact lens wearers. It can result from bacterial infections caused by poor contact lens hygiene or contaminated water, viral infections such as the herpes simplex virus, or fungal infections, which are more likely in individuals with weakened immune systems.

Symptoms of keratitis include eye pain and redness, blurred vision, excessive tearing or discharge, and sensitivity to light. To reduce the risk of keratitis, always wash your hands before handling contact lenses, clean and store lenses properly, and avoid swimming or showering while wearing contact lenses. Regularly replace old contact lens cases to prevent contamination.

Blepharitis

Blepharitis is an inflammation of the eyelid margins, often caused by bacterial buildup or an overgrowth of eyelid mites. Blocked oil glands near the eyelashes and skin conditions like seborrheic dermatitis can also contribute to this condition.

Symptoms include itchy or burning eyelids, red and swollen eyelids, flaking or crusting at the base of the eyelashes, and dry or watery eyes. Preventing blepharitis involves maintaining good eyelid hygiene, such as using warm compresses and gentle eyelid scrubs. Avoid using expired or shared eye makeup and follow your optometrist’s recommendations for proper eyelid care.

Uveitis

Uveitis is the inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye, and while it is less common, it can become serious if untreated. It may be caused by autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, infections like herpes, syphilis, or tuberculosis, or trauma to the eye.

Symptoms include eye pain, redness, blurry vision, floaters (spots or lines in the vision), and sensitivity to light. Preventive measures include wearing protective eyewear to avoid injury, treating any underlying systemic conditions with the help of a healthcare provider, and scheduling regular comprehensive eye exams to monitor eye health.

How to Protect Your Eyes from Infections

While eye infections are common, simple preventive measures can significantly reduce your risk. Here are some general tips to keep your eyes healthy:

•       Practice Good Hygiene: Wash your hands often and avoid touching your face or eyes.

•       Handle Contacts with Care: Follow proper contact lens hygiene, including cleaning, replacing, and storing them safely.

•       Avoid Sharing Eye Products: Never share makeup, eye drops, or contact lenses with others.

•       Protect Your Eyes: Use protective eyewear during sports, DIY projects, or in environments with airborne debris.

•       Stay Up to Date on Eye Exams: Regular eye exams allow your optometrist to detect and treat potential issues early.

Schedule Your Eye Exam Today

Maintaining eye health is essential to your overall well-being, as eye infections can significantly impact your vision and comfort if left untreated. By practicing good hygiene, following proper care routines, and seeking regular eye exams, you can reduce the risk of infections and inflammations. Early detection and treatment are key to preserving your vision and maintaining healthy eyes for a lifetime.

If you experience symptoms of an eye infection, contact Kopolow & Girisgen, Doctors of Optometry, for expert diagnosis and personalized treatment. Schedule an appointment online or simply text GLASSES to 21000, and a member of our friendly team will be in touch!